📌 Complete Git Topics for DevOps

 

📌 Complete Git Topics for DevOps

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4️⃣ Branching and Merging

🔹 Creating and Switching Branches

Command:

git branch <branch_name>    # Create a new branch  
git checkout <branch_name>  # Switch to another branch  

✅ Best Practice: Use git checkout -b <branch_name> to create and switch to a new branch in one step.

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🔹 Merging Branches

Command:

git merge <branch_name>

✅ Best Practice: Always pull the latest changes before merging to avoid conflicts.

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🔹 Handling Merge Conflicts

Command:

git status  # Identify conflicts  
git diff  # View conflict details  

✅ Best Practice: Manually resolve conflicts and commit the changes after resolving.

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🔹 Deleting Branches

Command:

git branch -d <branch_name>  # Delete a local branch  
git push origin --delete <branch_name>  # Delete a remote branch  

✅ Best Practice: Delete unnecessary branches to keep the repository clean.

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5️⃣ Working with Remote Repositories

🔹 Connecting with Remote Repositories

Command:

git remote add origin <repository_url>

✅ Best Practice: Use git remote -v to verify the connected remotes.

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🔹 Pushing Changes to Remote

Command:

git push origin <branch_name>

✅ Best Practice: Use git push -u origin <branch_name> for the first push to set the upstream branch.

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🔹 Pulling Changes from Remote

Command:

git pull origin <branch_name>

✅ Best Practice: Always run git pull --rebase before making changes to avoid merge conflicts.

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🔹 Forking a Repository

✅ Best Practice: Forking allows you to create your own copy of a repository and contribute without affecting the original project.

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6️⃣ Git Reset, Revert & Restore (Undoing Changes)

🔹 Reset (git reset - soft, mixed, hard)

git reset --soft HEAD~1  # Move HEAD back but keep changes staged  
git reset --mixed HEAD~1  # Move HEAD back and unstage changes  
git reset --hard HEAD~1  # Move HEAD back and discard all changes  

✅ Best Practice: Be careful with --hard as it permanently deletes changes.

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🔹 Revert (git revert)

git revert <commit_hash>

✅ Best Practice: Use git revert instead of reset when working in a shared repository to keep commit history intact.

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🔹 Restore (git restore)

git restore <file>

✅ Best Practice: Use git restore to discard changes in specific files without affecting the entire commit.

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7️⃣ Stashing Changes

🔹 What is Stashing?

Stashing allows you to save uncommitted changes temporarily without committing them.

🔹 Using git stash

git stash  # Save uncommitted changes  
git stash list  # View stashed changes  
git stash pop  # Apply the most recent stash  

✅ Best Practice: Use git stash push -m "message" to label stashes for easy identification.

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