8️⃣ Git Rebase & Interactive Rebase

After working on multiple branches in Git, keeping a clean and linear commit history is essential. This is where Git Rebase comes in. Rebasing helps you move or combine commits to make the commit history more readable and structured.

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🔹 What is Git Rebase?

Git rebase is a way to integrate changes from one branch into another by moving or replaying commits instead of merging. Unlike git merge, which creates a new merge commit, rebase rewrites commit history to keep it linear.

Example Scenario:
Imagine you're working on a feature branch, and meanwhile, the main branch has received new updates. Instead of merging, you can rebase your branch to get the latest changes while keeping a clean history.

🔹 Difference Between Merge & Rebase

Feature	Merge (`git merge`)	Rebase (`git rebase`)
Commit History	Preserves history with a merge commit	Rewrites history by applying commits one by one
New Commit?	Creates a new merge commit	Does not create a new commit
Use Case	When you want to track the actual merging of branches	When you want a cleaner and linear commit history

✅ Use merge when collaboration is happening across multiple developers.
✅ Use rebase when working on your own feature branch to keep history clean.

🔹 Using `git rebase` to Keep History Clean

Step 1: Switch to Your Feature Branch


git checkout feature-branch

Step 2: Fetch and Rebase Latest Changes from Main


git fetch origin
git rebase origin/main

This will move your feature branch commits on top of the latest main branch commits, keeping the history linear.

Step 3: Resolve Conflicts (If Any)

If conflicts occur, Git will pause rebase and show the conflicting files. You need to manually resolve conflicts, then run:


git add <file-name>
git rebase --continue

If you want to cancel rebase:


git rebase --abort

🔹 Interactive Rebase (`git rebase -i`)

Interactive rebase allows you to edit, squash, reorder, or remove commits before finalizing them.

Running Interactive Rebase


git rebase -i HEAD~3

This command lets you edit the last 3 commits interactively.

Common Interactive Rebase Commands:

Command	Description
`pick`	Use this commit as it is
`reword`	Edit commit message
`edit`	Modify the commit content
`squash`	Combine this commit with the previous one
`drop`	Remove this commit

Example of an interactive rebase window:


pick abc123 Added login feature
squash def456 Fixed typo in login feature
reword ghi789 Updated documentation

If you squash a commit, Git will prompt you to rewrite the commit message.

🔹 Best Practices for Git Rebase

✅ Always rebase feature branches, not shared branches.
✅ Before rebasing, fetch the latest changes from the remote repository.
✅ If working in a team, communicate before rewriting history.
✅ Use git rebase --continue carefully after resolving conflicts.

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