🔹 Version Control – The Backbone of DevOps
Version Control is a must-have skill for every DevOps engineer. It helps teams track, manage, and collaborate on code changes efficiently. Let's dive into the fundamentals. 🚀
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📌 What is Version Control?
Version Control is a system that records changes to a file or set of files over time. It allows multiple developers to collaborate, track changes, and revert to previous versions if needed.
✅ Why is it important in DevOps?
- Collaboration: Multiple developers can work on the same project without conflicts.
- Tracking Changes: Keeps a history of all modifications.
- Rollback & Recovery: Easily revert to a previous version if needed.
- Automation: Essential for CI/CD pipelines.
🔹 Types of Version Control Systems (VCS)
| Type | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Local Version Control | Stores versions on a local machine. Simple but not scalable. | RCS, SCCS |
| Centralized Version Control (CVCS) | Uses a central server to store all versions. Requires internet connection. | SVN, CVS, Perforce |
| Distributed Version Control (DVCS) | Every developer has a full copy of the repository, allowing offline work. | Git, Mercurial |
🔥 Git is the most popular version control system today.
🔹 Introduction to Git (Most Used VCS in DevOps)
📌 What is Git?
Git is a Distributed Version Control System (DVCS) that allows multiple developers to work on the same project efficiently.
✅ Why Git for DevOps?
- Fast & Lightweight – Works efficiently for large projects.
- Branching & Merging – Allows parallel development.
- Distributed – Every developer has a local copy of the code.
- Security – Uses cryptographic hashing (SHA-1) for data integrity.
- Widely Used – GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket all use Git.
🔹 Key Git Concepts
| Concept | Description |
|---|---|
| Repository (Repo) | A storage location for project files & history. |
| Commit | A snapshot of changes in the repository. |
| Branch | A separate line of development. |
| Merge | Combines changes from different branches. |
| Clone | Creates a copy of an existing repository. |
| Pull Request (PR) | A request to merge changes into the main branch. |
| Remote Repository | A Git repository hosted on platforms like GitHub, GitLab. |
| Staging Area | Where changes are prepared before committing. |
🔹 Git Workflow in DevOps
1️⃣ Clone a Repository (Get a copy of an existing repo)
2️⃣ Check Repository Status (View modified files)
3️⃣ Stage Files for Commit (Prepare files to be committed)
4️⃣ Commit Changes (Save a version)
5️⃣ Push Changes to Remote Repo (Upload changes to GitHub/GitLab)
6️⃣ Create a New Branch (For feature development)
7️⃣ Merge Branch into Main (Integrate changes)
8️⃣ Pull Latest Changes from Remote Repo (Sync with the team)
🔹 GitHub & GitLab – Hosting Git Repositories
GitHub & GitLab are cloud-based services for hosting Git repositories. They provide:
✔️ Pull Requests – Code review before merging.
✔️ CI/CD Pipelines – Automate testing & deployment.
✔️ Issue Tracking – Manage bugs & feature requests.
🔥 For DevOps, GitHub Actions & GitLab CI/CD are widely used for automation.
🚀 What’s Next?
Now that we understand Git basics, the next step is:
1️⃣ Git Branching Strategies (GitFlow, Trunk-Based, GitHub Flow)
2️⃣ GitOps – Automating Deployments with Git
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